Los verbos en inglés pueden ser regulares o irregulares, dependiendo de su terminación en las formas de pasado y participio.
Los podemos diferenciar gracias a que los verbos regulares atienden a un modelo de conjugación constante, mientras que los irregulares no.
¿Qué son verbos regulares?
Los verbos regulares son aquellos a los que, en sus formas de pasado simple y participio, solo debe añadírseles la terminación -ed o -d al final. Por ejemplo, play (presente) ⇒ played (pasado y participio).
Lista de verbos regulares más usados
A continuación, te presentamos una lista de los verbos regulares más importantes en el idioma inglés.
Presente | Pasado simple | Participio pasado | Traducción |
---|---|---|---|
Accept | accepted | accepted | aceptar |
Add | added | added | agregar |
Admit | admitted | admitted | admitir |
Agree | agreed | agreed | acordar |
Allow | allowed | allowed | permitir |
Answer | answered | answered | responder |
Arrive | arrived | arrived | llegar |
Believe | believed | believed | creer |
Belong | belonged | belonged | pertenecer |
Brush | brushed | brushed | cepillar |
Burn | burned | burned | quemar |
Call |
called | called | llamar |
Cancel |
cancelled | cancelled | cancelar |
Change |
changed | changed | cambiar |
Clean | cleaned | cleaned | limpiar |
Close | closed | closed | cerrar |
Complain | complained | complained | quejar |
Complete | completed | completed | completar |
Cook | cooked | cooked | cocinar |
Count | counted | counted | contar |
Dance | danced | danced | bailar |
Decide |
decided | decided | decidir |
Destroy |
destroyed | destroyed | destruir |
Develop |
developed | developed | desarrollar |
Die |
died | died | morir |
Discover |
discovered | discovered | descubrir |
Dress |
dressed | dressed | vestirse |
Earn |
earned | earned | percibir (salario) |
End |
ended | ended | finalizar, acabar, terminar |
Enjoy | enjoyed | enjoyed | disfrutar |
Explain |
explained | explained | explicar |
Fail |
failed | failed | fallar,fracasar, suspender |
Follow |
followed | followed | seguir |
Happen |
happened | happened | suceder, ocurrir |
Help |
helped | helped | ayudar |
Hope | hoped | hoped |
esperar, anhelar, |
Increase |
increased | increased | aumentar |
Iron |
ironed | ironed | planchar |
Join |
joined | joined | unirse, unirse a |
Jump |
jumped | jumped | saltar |
Kill |
killed | killed | matar, asesinar |
Laugh |
laughed | laughed | reir |
Like |
liked | liked | gustar |
Listen |
listened | listened | escuchar |
Live |
lived | lived | vivir |
Love |
loved | loved | amar |
Marry |
married | married | casarse |
Mend |
mended | mended | reparar, arreglar |
Miss |
missed | missed | perder, extrañar, errar |
Move |
moved | moved | mover, mudarse, trasladarse |
Need |
needed | needed | necesitar |
Open |
opened | opened | abrir |
Pass |
passed | passed | aprobar, pasar |
Permit |
permitted | permitted | permitir |
Play |
played | played | jugar, tocar un instrumento |
Promise |
promised | promised | prometer |
Propose |
proposed | proposed | proponer |
Push |
pushed | pushed | empujar |
Rain |
rained | rained | llover |
Realize |
realized | realized | darse cuenta |
Receive |
received | received | recibir |
Record |
recorded | recorded | grabar |
Remember |
remembered | remembered | recordar |
Repeat |
repeated | repeated | repetir |
Save |
saved | saved | ahorrar |
Shave |
shaved | shaved | afeitarse |
Smile |
smiled | smiled | sonreir |
Start |
started | started | comenzar, empezar |
Stay |
stayed | stayed | estar (en algún sitio) |
Stop |
stopped | stopped | parar |
Suffer |
suffered | suffered | sufrir, padecer |
Talk |
talked | talked | charlar, conversar |
Touch |
touched | touched | tocar |
Turn |
turned | turned | girar, darse la vuelta |
Wait |
waited | waited | esperar, dejar pasar el tiempo |
Walk |
walked | walked | caminar, pasear |
Wash |
washed | washed | lavar |
Watch |
watched | watched | ver la televisión, vigilar |
Work |
worked | worked | trabajar |
Worry |
worried | worried | preocuparse |
¿Cómo pasar a pasado los verbos regulares?
Los verbos regulares en su forma de pasado se distinguen por la terminación -ed o -d, dependiendo de cómo termina el verbo. A continuación, te comentamos algunas reglas que te pueden ser útiles a la hora de convertir un verbo regular a su forma de pasado.
Si termina en consonante o una vocal diferente a la -e
Se añade la terminación -ed. Por ejemplo:
- Answer (responder) ⇒ answered (pasado)
- Cook (cocinar) ⇒ cooked en (pasado)
- Watch (ver, vigilar) ⇒ watched (pasado)
Si termina con la vocal -e
Se añade la terminación -d. Por ejemplo:
- Change (cambiar) ⇒ changed (pasado)
- Receive (recibir) ⇒ received (pasado)
- Shave (afeitar) ⇒ shaved(pasado)
Si implica cambios ortográficos
En caso de que el paso de la forma de presente a pasado requiera modificaciones en la ortografía de la palabra, hay varios casos:
Verbos regulares terminados en -y
En estos casos, se cambia la -y por la vocal -i antes de agregar -ed. Por ejemplo:
- Cry (llorar) ⇒ cried (pasado)
- Marry (casar) ⇒ married (pasado)
Verbos regulares en los que se duplica la consonante final
Verbos de una sola sílaba, como, por ejemplo:
- Clap (aplaudir) ⇒ clapped (pasado)
- Beg (suplicar) ⇒ begged (pasado)
Con excepción de los verbos que terminen en w, x, y, c. Por ejemplo: chew (masticar) ⇒ chewed (pasado)
Verbos de dos sílabas terminados con una vocal y una consonante. En estos casos, la consonante también se duplica. Por ejemplo:
- Admit (admitir) ⇒ admitted (pasado )
- Stop (parar) ⇒ stopped (pasado)
Ejemplos de oraciones con verbos regulares
A continuación te presentamos ejemplos de oraciones realizadas con verbos regulares e irregulares con su respectiva traducción:
Presente | Pasado simple |
---|---|
I work in the school all day (yo trabajo en la escuela todo el día) |
I worked in the school all day (yo trabajaba en la escuela todo el día) |
He plays with my brother (él juega con mi hermano) |
He played with my brother (él jugó con mi hermano) |
We study english today (nosotros estudiamos inglés hoy) | We studied english today (nosotros estudiamos inglés hoy) |
¿Qué son verbos irregulares?
Los verbos irregulares son aquellos cuya terminación en pasado y participio es inconstante, es decir, que no poseen una terminación fija o regular. Es por ello que estos verbos no se someten a modelo gramatical tal como los verbos regulares. Por ejemplo: awake (presente), awoke (pasado), awoken (participio).
Lista de verbos irregulares más usados
La siguiente, es una lista de los verbos irregulares más importantes en el idioma inglés:
Presente | Pasado simple | Participio pasado | Traducción |
---|---|---|---|
Awake |
Awoke | Awoken | Despertarse |
Be |
Was - Were | Been | Ser / Estar |
Bear |
Bore | Borne / Born | Soportar, dar a luz |
Beat |
Beat | Beaten | Golpear |
Become |
Became | Become | Llegar a Ser |
Begin |
Began | Begun | Empezar |
Bend |
Bent | Bent | Doblar |
Bite |
Bit | Bitten | Morder |
Bleed |
Bled | Bled | Sangrar |
Break |
Broke | Broken | Romper |
Bring | Brought | Brought |
Traer Llevar |
Build |
Built | Built | Edificar |
Buy |
Bought | Bought | Comprar |
Come |
Came | Come | Venir |
Cut | Cut | Cut | Cortar |
Choose |
Chosen | Chose | Elegir |
Deal |
Dealt | Dealt | Tratar |
Dig |
Dug | Dug | Cavar |
Do /Does |
Did | Done | Hacer |
Draw | Drew | Drawn |
Dibujar |
Drink | Drank | Drunk | Beber |
Drive | Drove | Droven | Conducir |
Eat | Ate | Eaten | Comer |
Fall | Fell | Fallen | Caer |
Feed | Fed | Fed | Alimentar |
Feel | Felt | Felt | Sentir |
Fight |
Fought | Fought | Luchar |
Find | Found | Found | Encontrar |
Fly |
Flew | Flown | Volar |
Forget |
Forgot | Forgotten | Olvidar |
Get | Got | Gotten | Obtener |
Give | Gave | Given | Dar |
Go/ goes | Went | Gone | Ir |
Grow | Grew | Grown | Crecer |
Have | Had | Had | haber, tener |
Hear | Heard | Heard | Oir |
Hide | Hid | Hidden | Esconder |
Hold | Held | Held | Agarrar |
Keep | Kept | Kept | Conservar |
Know | Knew | Known | Saber, Conocer |
Leave | Left | Left | Dejar |
Let | Let | Let | Permitir |
Lose |
Lost | Lost | Perder |
Make |
Made | Made | Hacer |
Mean |
Meant | Meant | Significar |
Meet |
Met | Met | Encontrar |
Mistake |
Mistook | Mistaken | Equivocar |
Overcome |
Overcame | Overcome | Vencer |
Pay |
Paid | Paid | Pagar |
Put |
Put | Put | Poner |
Read |
Read | Read | Leer |
Ring | Rang | Rung | Llamar |
Rise |
Rose | Risen | Levantarse |
Run | Ran | Run | Correr |
Say |
Said | Said | Decir |
See |
Saw | Seen | Ver |
Sell |
Sold | Sold | Vender |
Send |
Sent | Sent | Enviar |
Shake |
Shook | Shaken | Sacudir |
Shine |
Shone | Shone | Brillar |
Shoot |
Shot | Shot | Disparar |
Sing |
Sang | Sung | Cantar |
Sit |
Sat | Sat | Sentarse |
Sleep | Slept | Slept | Dormir |
Smell |
Smelt | Smelt | Oler |
Speak |
Spoke | Spoken | Hablar |
Speed |
Sped | Sped | Acelerar |
Spend |
Spent | Spent | Gastar |
Spread |
Spread | Spread | Extender |
Steal |
Stole | Stolen | Robar |
Swear |
Swore | Sworn | Jurar |
Sweat |
Sweat | Sweat | Sudar |
Swim | Swam | Swum |
Nadar |
Teach | Taught | Taught |
Enseñar |
Think | Thought | Thought |
Pensar |
Understand | Understood | Understood |
Entender |
Wake | Woke | Woken |
Despertarse |
Wet | Wet | Wet |
Mojar |
Withdraw | Withdrew | Withdrawn |
Retirarse |
Write | Wrote | Written |
Escribir |
Ejemplos de oraciones con verbos irregulares
A continuación, se muestran oraciones con verbos irregulares en sus formas de presente y pasado simple. Podemos advertir que el verbo no posee un cambio específico o regular al conjugarse en tiempo pasado.
Presente | Pasado simple |
---|---|
We eat milk and chocolate (nosotros comemos leche con chocolate) | We ate milk and chocolate (nosotros comimos leche con chocolate) |
She goes to the office today (ella va a la oficina hoy) | She went to the office today (ella fue a la oficina hoy) |
I write the e-mail for you (yo escribo el e-mail por ti) | I wrote the e-mail for you (yo escribí el e-mail por ti) |
Vea también: